animal hide; leather; to reform; to remove; to expel (from office)

reform; to reform

to innovate; innovation

to withdraw the mandate of heaven (and transition to a new dynasty) (original meaning); revolution; revolutionary; to revolt (against sb or sth); to revolutionize (sth); (separable verb sometimes used in the pattern 革noun的命)

to transform; to change

to sack; to remove from a position; to depose

to eliminate; to expel; to abolish

to dismiss; to lay off